Tokyo 2025 - Summer Deaflympics 2025

9. ADDENDUM

9.1 Number of Athletes per Event (reference 2.6)

9.1.1 Number of Athletes (reference 2.6)
The maximum number of Athletes accepted into the competition is 144 men and 144 women.

9.1.2 Number of Athletes per Event (reference 2.6)
Each country can have up to 4 men singles, 4 women singles, 2 men double teams (2 male athletes per 1 man double team), 2 women double teams (2 female athletes per 1 woman double team), 1 man team (4 male athletes per 1 man team), 1 woman team (4 female athletes per 1 woman team), and 2 mixed teams (2 male athletes and 2 female athletes per 1 mixed team).

9.2 Competition Equipment (reference 4.4.1)

9.2.1 Competition Equipment (reference 4.4.1)
All equipment and implements used during competitions will comply with the IBF - World Bowling Playing Rules and Regulations as of September 2019. The list of approved bowling balls is published in the following link to the USBC Specifications and Certifications document: https://bowl.com/approved-ball-list

9.2.2 Competition Equipment – Bowling balls (reference 4.4.1)
A maximum of 6 bowling balls per athlete is allowed to be brought into the competition venue.

9.3 Competition Clothing (reference 4.5.1)

9.3.1 Competition Clothing (reference 4.5.1)
Athletes shall wear a standard uniform approved by their national federation. In a team event (Doubles, Team, and Mixed Team), athletes of the same team must wear uniforms of the same colour and type. An athlete who does not follow this rule will NOT be allowed to play.

9.3.2 Competition Clothing (reference 4.5.1)
The name of the country must appear on the back of the uniform. The name of the country may be printed in English or in the country's language.

9.3.3 Competition Clothing (reference 4.5.1)
The following may appear on the uniform:
- Name of athlete
- Logo of the country and/or member federation which the athlete represents
- Advertisement: The number of advertisements is decided by each federation

9.3.4 Competition Clothing (reference 4.5.1)
All athletes wear the back bib/sheet of identification numbers and names during all competitions. Coaches, staff, and officials in the athlete's area should wear the uniform specified by the national federation.

9.4 Draw (reference 4.6)
Lane assignment for all events will be determined by the Technical Committee after final entry.
A detailed lane assignment will be announced before the start of the event.

9.5 Competition Plan (reference 4.7)

9.5.1 Competition Format (reference 4.7)
The style of play will use the IBF - World Bowling Playing Rules and Regulations as of September 2019 on pages 52-53 - 5.13 WC Format:
- Singles (5.13.1)
- Doubles (5.13.2)
- Teams (5.13.4)

Change of lane after each game. A detailed lane movement schedule will be presented before the start of the event.

9.5.2 Competition Format - Singles (reference 4.7)
In Round 1, each athlete will bowl 6 games of qualification. The top 24 athletes will advance to Round 2.

In case of a tie, the following tie-breaking procedures will be applied in the order listed.
- The least difference between the highest and the lowest game
- High total strike count
- High total spare count
A coin flip will determine further ties.

- Round 2: Top 24 athletes:
i) According to the rankings of Round 1, they will be divided into the following 4 groups of 6 athletes.
GroupA : 1st, 8th, 9th, 16th, 17th, 24th 　
GroupB : 2nd, 7th, 10th, 15th, 18th, 23rd 　
GroupC : 3rd, 6th, 11th, 14th, 19th, 22nd 　
GroupD : 4th, 5th, 12th, 13th, 20th, 21st
ii) Athletes will bowl 5 games in a round-robin format and will be awarded 3 points for a win and 1 point for a draw. One winner from each group will advance to the Semi-Final.

In case of a tie, the following tie-breaking procedures will be applied in the order listed.
- The higher total score
- Winner in direct competition
- Round 1 ranks higher

The second place in each group will be awarded diplomas.

- Semi-Final and Final (match play style – best of three games):
i) One winner from each group in Round 2 will proceed to the semi-finals;
ii) The best of three games for the position of Group A winner vs Group D winner and Group B winner vs Group C winner, and the winners shall bowl the best of three games.

- The two losers in the Semi-Finals will both get bronze medals.

9.5.3 Competition Format - Doubles (2 athletes) (reference 4.7)
- All games shall be bowled in Baker format.

- Round 1: All Doubles will bowl 6 games of qualification, and the top 24 doubles will advance to Round 2.

In case of a tie, the following tie-breaking procedures will be applied in the order listed.
- The least difference between the highest and the lowest game
- High total strike count
- High total spare count
A coin flip will determine further ties.

- Round 2: Top 24 doubles, composed of the winner from Round 1.
i) According to the rankings of Round 1, they will be divided into the following 4 groups of 6 doubles.
GroupA : 1st, 8th, 9th, 16th, 17th, 24th 　
GroupB : 2nd, 7th, 10th, 15th, 18th, 23rd　
GroupC : 3rd, 6th, 11th, 14th, 19th, 22nd 　
GroupD : 4th, 5th, 12th, 13th, 20th, 21st
ii) All Doubles will bowl 5 games in a round-robin format and will be awarded 3 points for a win and 1 point for a draw. The first-place doubles from each group will advance to the Semi-Final.

In case of a tie, the following tie-breaking procedures will be applied in the order listed.
- The higher total score
- Winner in direct competition
- Round 1 ranks higher

The second place in each group in Round 2 will be awarded diplomas.

- Semi-Final and Final (match play style - best of three games)
i) The first-place doubles from each group in Round 2 will proceed to the semi-finals;
ii) The best of three games for the position are Group A winner vs Group D winner and Group B winner vs Group C winner, and the winners shall bowl the best of three games.

- The two losers in the Semi-Finals will both get bronze medals.

9.5.4 Competition Format - Teams (4 athletes) and Mixed Teams (2 male athletes and 2 female athletes) (reference 4.7)
- All games shall be bowled in Baker format.

- Round 1: All teams will bowl 6 games of qualification, and the top 8 teams will advance to Round 2.

In case of a tie, the following tie-breaking procedures will be applied in the order listed.
- The least difference between the highest and the lowest game
- High total strike count
- High total spare count
A coin flip will determine further ties.

- Round 2:
i) The top 8 teams are composed of the winner from Round 1.
ii) They will be divided into 1 group of 8 teams.
iii) Teams will bowl 7 games in a round-robin format and will be awarded 3 points for a win and 1 point for a draw. The top 4 teams will advance to the Semi-Final.

In case of a tie, the following tie-breaking procedures will be applied in the order listed.
- The higher total score
- Winner in direct competition
- Round 1 ranks higher

Teams placing 5th through 8th will be awarded diplomas.

- Semi-Final and Final (match play style - best of three games)
i) The top 4 teams in Round 2 will proceed to the semi-finals.
ii) They will be seeded according to their rankings in Round 2.
iii) Best of three games for position 1 vs 4, 2 vs 3, and the winners shall bowl best of three games.

- The two losers in the Semi-Finals will both get bronze medals.

9.5.5 Competition Format - Mixed Teams (2 male athletes and 2 female athletes) – for 36 mixed teams or less (reference 4.7)
- All games shall be bowled in Baker format.

-Round 1: All mixed teams will bowl 6 games of qualification, and the top 8 mixed teams will advance to Round 2.

In case of a tie, the following tie-breaking procedures will be applied in the order listed.
- The least difference between the highest and the lowest game
- High total strike count
- High total spare count
A coin flip will determine further ties.

- Round 2:
i) The top 8 mixed teams will be composed of the winners from Round 1.
ii) They will be divided into 1 group of 8 mixed teams.
iii) The mixed teams will bowl 7 games in a round-robin format and will be awarded 3 points for a win and 1 point for a draw. The top 4 mixed teams in each group will advance to the Semi-Final.

In case of a tie, the following tie-breaking procedures will be applied in the order listed.
- The higher total score
- Winner in direct competition
- Round 1 ranks higher

The mixed teams placing 5th through 8th will be awarded diplomas.

- Semi-Final and Final (match play style - best of three games)
i) The top 4 mixed teams in Round 2 will proceed to the semi-finals.
ii) They will be seeded according to their rankings in Round 2.
iii) Best of three games for position 1 vs 4, 2 vs 3, and the winners shall bowl best of three games.

- The two losers in the Semi-Finals will both get bronze medals.

9.5.5.1 Competition Format - Mixed Teams (2 male athletes and 2 female athletes) – for more than 36 mixed teams (reference 4.7)
- All games shall be bowled in Baker format.

-Round 1: All mixed teams will bowl 6 games of qualification, and the top 8 mixed teams will advance to Round 2.

In case of a tie, the following tie-breaking procedures will be applied in the order listed.
- The least difference between the highest and the lowest game
- High total strike count
- High total spare count
A coin flip will determine further ties.

- Round 2:
i) The top 8 mixed teams will be composed of the winners from Round 1.
ii) According to the rankings of Round 1, they will be divided into the following 2 groups of 4 mixed teams.
Group A: 1st, 4th, 5th, and 8th
Group B: 2nd, 3rd, 6th and 7th
iii) The mixed teams will bowl 3 games in a round-robin format and will be awarded 3 points for a win and 1 point for a draw. The top 2 mixed teams in each group will advance to the Semi-Final.

In case of a tie, the following tie-breaking procedures will be applied in the order listed.
- The higher total score
- Winner in direct competition
- Round 1 ranks higher

The bottom 2 mixed teams of each group in Round 2 will receive a diploma.

- Semi-Final and Final (match play style - best of three games)
i) The top 2 mixed teams in each group, in Round 2 will proceed to the semi-finals.
ii) They will be seeded according to their rankings in Round 2.
iii) Best of three games for position Group A 1st vs Group B 2nd, Group B 1st vs Group A 2nd, and the winners shall bowl best of three games.
- The two losers in the Semi-Finals will both get bronze medals.

9.5.6 Match play style - Semi-Final and Final (reference 4.7)
- In the match play style, each athlete bowls two frames at a time
- However, the athlete starting on the left (odd numbered) lane bowls one frame only
- Thereafter, both athletes bowl first on the right lane, then immediately bowl another frame on the left lane
- The athlete who bowled first will finish his game by bowling the tenth frame on the right lane
- When match play consists of more than one game, in succeeding games, athletes alternate in starting on the left lane

9.5.7 Baker Format Games - Doubles (reference 4.7)
- In Baker format, members of competing doubles successively and in regular order bowl complete and consecutive frames within the same games.
- Athlete one, bowls frame 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9.
- Athlete two, bowls frame 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10.
- Doubles teams can change the starting athlete after each game.

9.5.8 Baker Format Games - Teams and Mixed Teams (reference 4.7)
-In Baker format, members of competing teams successively and in regular order bowl complete and consecutive frames within the same games.
-Order of play:
- Athlete one, bowls frame 1, 5 & 9.
- Athlete two, bowls frame 2, 6 & 10.
- Athlete three, bowls frame 3 & 7.
- Athlete four, bowls 4 & 8.
-Before each game, the team can change the order of the Athletes to one, two, three, and four.

9.6. Venues (reference 5)

9.6.1 Lanes (reference 5)
There will be 40 lanes, 36 lanes for competitions and 4 lanes for reserves.

9.6.2 Lane Dressing Procedures (reference 5)
- Only one oil pattern will be used during the entire competition period.
- At the latest, 4 months (1 July 2025) before the competition's first day, the Organising Committee and ICSD Bowling Director will publish the expected length of the 3 different oil patterns on the competition website and circulate it in an email to all member federations.
- The final selected oil pattern will be videoed, published, and emailed on 1 September 2025.

9.7. Training Schedule (reference 6.2)

9.7.1 Unofficial Practice with fees (reference 6.2)
The unofficial practice is optional. Countries which wish to implement the unofficial practice, all related costs and arrangements, such as fees for lanes and transportation from/to the venue, are the countries’ responsibility. Since the venue operates during regular business hours, the number of available lanes may be limited.