Anti-Doping Rule Violation
An Anti-Doping Violation occurs when one acts against the Anti-Doping Rules. There are 11 categories of Anti-Doping Rule Violations according to the WADA Code and the World ICSD Anti-Doping Rules. Positive tests are the most common violation, but not all violations are about taking prohibited substances, and athletes are not the only ones who can cheat.
Categories of Anti-Doping Rule Violations:
1. Presence of a prohibited substance, it metabolites or markers in an Athlete’s sample. In this case the principle of “strict liability” applies. It means that an athlete is responsible for any banned substance found in their system, regardless of how it got there, or whether they had any intention to cheat. Even if an athlete is prescribed medication by a medical professional or is instructed to take something by their coach, if it contains a banned substance the athlete will be responsible and could receive an ADRV for presence.
2. Use or Attempted use by an Athlete of a banned substance or method. This includes Athlete Biological Passport cases.
3. Evading, refusing or failing to submit to sample collection. Not going to the Doping Control Station when notified, or refusing to take a test, or not giving a complete sample.. Always take the test – if an athlete is approached by a Doping Control Officer, he/she should always take the test and provide a sample. Refusing to do so could lead to an Anti-Doping Rule Violation for evasion. If an athlete has a concern about the sample collection process, they should still complete the test, and mention any issues on the Doping Control Form before signing it. Refusing to submit a sample because the process did not go well can still be an Anti-Doping Rule Violation for the athlete.
4. Whereabouts failures by an Athlete. In the WADA Code, a Whereabouts Anti-Doping Rule Violation can occur if there are 3 whereabouts or filing failures by an athlete in a 12-month period. Athletes in a Registered Testing Pool need to submit Whereabouts information so that they can be located for testing Out-of-Competition.
5. Tampering or attempted tampering with any part of doping control by an Athlete or other person In the WADA Code, tampering or attempted tampering with any part of doping control by an Athlete or other person includes fabricating evidence or adding a liquid other than urine to the sample bottle.
6. Possession of a prohibited substance or method by an Athlete or Athlete Support Personnel. Having a prohibited substance in your possession is not permitted.
7. Trafficking or attempted trafficking of any prohibited substance or method by an Athlete or other person. Handling, transporting, selling or attempting to sell a banned substance is to be recognised as an Anti-Doping Rule Violation.
8. Administering or attempted administration by an Athlete or other person to any Athlete of any prohibited substance or method. Attempting to give a prohibited substance to an athlete goes beyond the bounds of fair deaf sport.
9. Complicity or attempted complicity by an Athlete or other person. It is forbidden to help or try to help cover up an Anti-Doping Rule Violation by any means. In the WADA Code, complicity includes assisting, encouraging, aiding, abetting, conspiring, covering up or any other type of intentional complicity or attempted complicity by an Athlete or other person.
10. Prohibited association by an Athlete or other person. This point implies a ban on working with, seeking help or services from someone who is serving a period of ineligibility.
11. Acts by an Athlete or other person to discourage or retaliate against reporting to authorities. Cheaters should refrain from any actions that may frighten someone from reporting suspected doping, or acts of revenge against those who have reported doping.